PAPER 169
- LAST TEACHING AT PELLA
Late on Monday
evening, March 6, Jesus and the ten apostles arrived
at the Pella camp. This was the last week of Jesus'
sojourn there, and he was very active in teaching
the multitude and instructing the apostles. He
preached every afternoon to the crowds and each
night answered questions for the apostles and
certain of the more advanced disciples residing at
the camp.
Word regarding the
resurrection of Lazarus had reached the encampment
two days before the Master's arrival, and the entire
assembly was agog. Not since the feeding of the five
thousand had anything occurred which so aroused the
imagination of the people. And thus it was at the
very height of the second phase of the public
ministry of the kingdom that Jesus planned to teach
this one short week at Pella and then to begin the
tour of southern Perea which led right up to the
final and tragic experiences of the last week in
Jerusalem.
The Pharisees and
the chief priests had begun to formulate their
charges and to crystallize their accusations. They
objected to the Master's teachings on these grounds:
1. He is a friend
of publicans and sinners; he receives the ungodly
and even eats with them.
2. He is a
blasphemer; he talks about God as being his Father
and thinks he is equal with God.
3. He is a
lawbreaker. He heals disease on the Sabbath and in
many other ways flouts the sacred law of Israel.
4. He is in league
with devils. He works wonders and does seeming
miracles by the power of Beelzebub, the prince of
devils.
1.
PARABLE OF THE LOST SON
On Thursday
afternoon Jesus talked to the multitude about the
"Grace of Salvation." In the course of this sermon
he retold the story of the lost sheep and the lost
coin and then added his favorite parable of the
prodigal son. Said Jesus:
"You have been
admonished by the prophets from Samuel to John that
you should seek for God--search for truth. Always
have they said, `Seek the Lord while he may be
found.' And all such teaching should be taken to
heart. But I have come to show you that, while you
are seeking to find God, God is likewise seeking to
find you. Many times have I told you the story of
the good shepherd who left the ninety and nine sheep
in the fold while he went forth searching for the
one that was lost, and how, when he had found the
straying sheep, he laid it
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over his shoulder
and tenderly carried it back to the fold. And when
the lost sheep had been restored to the fold, you
remember that the good shepherd called in his
friends and bade them rejoice with him over the
finding of the sheep that had been lost. Again I say
there is more joy in heaven over one sinner who
repents than over the ninety and nine just persons
who need no repentance. The fact that souls are
lost only increases the interest of the heavenly
Father. I have come to this world to do my Father's
bidding, and it has truly been said of the Son of
Man that he is a friend of publicans and sinners.
"You have been
taught that divine acceptance comes after your
repentance and as a result of all your works of
sacrifice and penitence, but I assure you that the
Father accepts you even before you have repented and
sends the Son and his associates to find you and
bring you, with rejoicing, back to the fold, the
kingdom of sonship and spiritual progress. You are
all like sheep which have gone astray, and I have
come to seek and to save those who are lost.
"And you should
also remember the story of the woman who, having had
ten pieces of silver made into a necklace of
adornment, lost one piece, and how she lit the lamp
and diligently swept the house and kept up the
search until she found the lost piece of silver. And
as soon as she found the coin that was lost, she
called together her friends and neighbors, saying,
`Rejoice with me, for I have found the piece that
was lost.' So again I say, there is always joy in
the presence of the angels of heaven over one sinner
who repents and returns to the Father's fold. And I
tell you this story to impress upon you that the
Father and his Son go forth to search for
those who are lost, and in this search we employ all
influences capable of rendering assistance in our
diligent efforts to find those who are lost, those
who stand in need of salvation. And so, while the
Son of Man goes out in the wilderness to seek for
the sheep gone astray, he also searches for the coin
which is lost in the house. The sheep wanders away,
unintentionally; the coin is covered by the dust of
time and obscured by the accumulation of the things
of men.
"And now I would
like to tell you the story of a thoughtless son of a
well-to-do farmer who deliberately left his
father's house and went off into a foreign land,
where he fell into much tribulation. You recall that
the sheep strayed away without intention, but this
youth left his home with premeditation. It was like
this:
"A certain man had
two sons; one, the younger, was lighthearted and
carefree, always seeking for a good time and
shirking responsibility, while his older brother was
serious, sober, hard-working, and willing to bear
responsibility. Now these two brothers did not get
along well together; they were always quarreling and
bickering. The younger lad was cheerful and
vivacious, but indolent and unreliable; the older
son was steady and industrious, at the same time
self-centered, surly, and conceited. The younger son
enjoyed play but shunned work; the older devoted
himself to work but seldom played. This association
became so disagreeable that the younger son came to
his father and said: `Father, give me the third
portion of your possessions which would fall to me
and allow me to go out into the world to seek my own
fortune.' And when the father heard this request,
knowing how unhappy the young man was at home and
with his older brother, he divided his property,
giving the youth his share.
"Within a few
weeks the young man gathered together all his funds
and set out upon a journey to a far country, and
finding nothing profitable to do which
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was also
pleasurable, he soon wasted all his inheritance in
riotous living. And when he had spent all, there
arose a prolonged famine in that country, and he
found himself in want. And so, when he suffered
hunger and his distress was great, he found
employment with one of the citizens of that country,
who sent him into the fields to feed swine. And the
young man would fain have filled himself with the
husks which the swine ate, but no one would give him
anything.
"One day, when he
was very hungry, he came to himself and said: `How
many hired servants of my father have bread enough
and to spare while I perish with hunger, feeding
swine off here in a foreign country! I will arise
and go to my father, and I will say to him: Father,
I have sinned against heaven and against you. I am
no more worthy to be called your son; only be
willing to make me one of your hired servants.' And
when the young man had reached this decision, he
arose and started out for his father's house.
"Now this father
had grieved much for his son; he had missed the
cheerful, though thoughtless, lad. This father loved
this son and was always on the lookout for his
return, so that on the day he approached his home,
even while he was yet afar off, the father saw him
and, being moved with loving compassion, ran out to
meet him, and with affectionate greeting he embraced
and kissed him. And after they had thus met, the son
looked up into his father's tearful face and said:
`Father, I have sinned against heaven and in your
sight; I am no more worthy to be called a son'--but
the lad did not find opportunity to complete his
confession because the overjoyed father said to the
servants who had by this time come running up:
`Bring quickly his best robe, the one I have saved,
and put it on him and put the son's ring on his hand
and fetch sandals for his feet.'
"And then, after
the happy father had led the footsore and weary lad
into the house, he called to his servants: `Bring on
the fatted calf and kill it, and let us eat and make
merry, for this my son was dead and is alive again;
he was lost and is found.' And they all gathered
about the father to rejoice with him over the
restoration of his son.
"About this time,
while they were celebrating, the elder son came in
from his day's work in the field, and as he drew
near the house, he heard the music and the dancing.
And when he came up to the back door, he called out
one of the servants and inquired as to the meaning
of all this festivity. And then said the servant:
`Your long-lost brother has come home, and your
father has killed the fatted calf to rejoice over
his son's safe return. Come in that you also may
greet your brother and receive him back into your
father's house.'
"But when the
older brother heard this, he was so hurt and angry
he would not go into the house. When his father
heard of his resentment of the welcome of his
younger brother, he went out to entreat him. But the
older son would not yield to his father's
persuasion. He answered his father, saying: `Here
these many years have I served you, never
transgressing the least of your commands, and yet
you never gave me even a kid that I might make merry
with my friends. I have remained here to care for
you all these years, and you never made rejoicing
over my faithful service, but when this your son
returns, having squandered your substance with
harlots, you make haste to kill the fatted calf and
make merry over him.'
"Since this father
truly loved both of his sons, he tried to reason
with this older one: `But, my son, you have all the
while been with me, and all this which I have is
yours. You could have had a kid at any time you had
made friends to share your merriment. But it is only
proper that you should now join with me
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in being glad and
merry because of your brother's return. Think of it,
my son, your brother was lost and is found; he has
returned alive to us!'"
This was one of
the most touching and effective of all the parables
which Jesus ever presented to impress upon his
hearers the Father's willingness to receive all who
seek entrance into the kingdom of heaven.
Jesus was very
partial to telling these three stories at the same
time. He presented the story of the lost sheep to
show that, when men unintentionally stray away from
the path of life, the Father is mindful of such
lost ones and goes out, with his Sons, the true
shepherds of the flock, to seek the lost sheep. He
then would recite the story of the coin lost in the
house to illustrate how thorough is the divine
searching for all who are confused, confounded,
or otherwise spiritually blinded by the material
cares and accumulations of life. And then he would
launch forth into the telling of this parable of the
lost son, the reception of the returning prodigal,
to show how complete is the restoration of
the lost son into his Father's house and heart.
Many, many times
during his years of teaching, Jesus told and retold
this story of the prodigal son. This parable and the
story of the good Samaritan were his favorite means
of teaching the love of the Father and the
neighborliness of man.
2.
PARABLE OF THE SHREWD STEWARD
One evening Simon
Zelotes, commenting on one of Jesus' statements,
said: "Master, what did you mean when you said today
that many of the children of the world are wiser in
their generation than are the children of the
kingdom since they are skillful in making friends
with the mammon of unrighteousness?" Jesus answered:
"Some of you,
before you entered the kingdom, were very shrewd in
dealing with your business associates. If you were
unjust and often unfair, you were nonetheless
prudent and farseeing in that you transacted your
business with an eye single to your present profit
and future safety. Likewise should you now so order
your lives in the kingdom as to provide for your
present joy while you also make certain of your
future enjoyment of treasures laid up in heaven. If
you were so diligent in making gains for yourselves
when in the service of self, why should you show
less diligence in gaining souls for the kingdom
since you are now servants of the brotherhood of man
and stewards of God?
"You may all learn
a lesson from the story of a certain rich man who
had a shrewd but unjust steward. This steward had
not only oppressed his master's clients for his own
selfish gain, but he had also directly wasted and
squandered his master's funds. When all this finally
came to the ears of his master, he called the
steward before him and asked the meaning of these
rumors and required that he should give immediate
accounting of his stewardship and prepare to turn
his master's affairs over to another.
"Now this
unfaithful steward began to say to himself: `What
shall I do since I am about to lose this
stewardship? I have not the strength to dig; to beg
I am ashamed. I know what I will do to make certain
that, when I am put out of this stewardship, I will
be welcomed into the houses of all who do business
with my master.' And then, calling in each of his
lord's debtors, he said to the first, `How
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much do you owe
my master?' He answered, `A hundred measures of
oil.' Then said the steward, `Take your wax board
bond, sit down quickly, and change it to fifty.'
Then he said to another debtor, `How much do you
owe?' And he replied, `A hundred measures of wheat.'
Then said the steward, `Take your bond and write
fourscore.' And this he did with numerous other
debtors. And so did this dishonest steward seek to
make friends for himself after he would be
discharged from his stewardship. Even his lord and
master, when he subsequently found out about this,
was compelled to admit that his unfaithful steward
had at least shown sagacity in the manner in which
he had sought to provide for future days of want and
adversity.
"And it is in this
way that the sons of this world sometimes show more
wisdom in their preparation for the future than do
the children of light. I say to you who profess to
be acquiring treasure in heaven: Take lessons from
those who make friends with the mammon of
unrighteousness, and likewise so conduct your lives
that you make eternal friendship with the forces of
righteousness in order that, when all things earthly
fail, you shall be joyfully received into the
eternal habitations.
"I affirm that he
who is faithful in little will also be faithful in
much, while he who is unrighteous in little will
also be unrighteous in much. If you have not shown
foresight and integrity in the affairs of this
world, how can you hope to be faithful and prudent
when you are trusted with the stewardship of the
true riches of the heavenly kingdom? If you are not
good stewards and faithful bankers, if you have not
been faithful in that which is another's, who will
be foolish enough to give you great treasure in your
own name?
"And again I
assert that no man can serve two masters; either he
will hate the one and love the other, or else he
will hold to one while he despises the other. You
cannot serve God and mammon."
When the Pharisees
who were present heard this, they began to sneer and
scoff since they were much given to the acquirement
of riches. These unfriendly hearers sought to engage
Jesus in unprofitable argumentation, but he refused
to debate with his enemies. When the Pharisees fell
to wrangling among themselves, their loud speaking
attracted large numbers of the multitude encamped
thereabouts; and when they began to dispute with
each other, Jesus withdrew, going to his tent for
the night.
3. THE
RICH MAN AND THE BEGGAR
When the meeting
became too noisy, Simon Peter, standing up, took
charge, saying: "Men and brethren, it is not seemly
thus to dispute among yourselves. The Master has
spoken, and you do well to ponder his words. And
this is no new doctrine which he proclaimed to you.
Have you not also heard the allegory of the
Nazarites concerning the rich man and the beggar?
Some of us heard John the Baptist thunder this
parable of warning to those who love riches and
covet dishonest wealth. And while this olden parable
is not according to the gospel we preach, you would
all do well to heed its lessons until such a time as
you comprehend the new light of the kingdom of
heaven. The story as John told it was like this:
"There was a
certain rich man named Dives, who, being clothed in
purple and fine linen, lived in mirth and splendor
every day. And there was a certain
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beggar named
Lazarus, who lay at this rich man's gate, covered
with sores and desiring to be fed with the crumbs
which fell from the rich man's table; yes, even the
dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass
that the beggar died and was carried away by the
angels to rest in Abraham's bosom. And then,
presently, this rich man also died and was buried
with great pomp and regal splendor. When the rich
man departed from this world, he waked up in Hades,
and finding himself in torment, he lifted up his
eyes and beheld Abraham afar off and Lazarus in his
bosom. And then Dives cried aloud: `Father Abraham,
have mercy on me and send over Lazarus that he may
dip the tip of his finger in water to cool my
tongue, for I am in great anguish because of my
punishment.' And then Abraham replied: `My son, you
should remember that in your lifetime you enjoyed
the good things while Lazarus in like manner
suffered the evil. But now all this is changed,
seeing that Lazarus is comforted while you are
tormented. And besides, between us and you there is
a great gulf so that we cannot go to you, neither
can you come over to us.' Then said Dives to
Abraham: `I pray you send Lazarus back to my
father's house, inasmuch as I have five brothers,
that he may so testify as to prevent my brothers
from coming to this place of torment.' But Abraham
said: `My son, they have Moses and the prophets; let
them hear them.' And then answered Dives: `No, No,
Father Abraham! but if one go to them from the dead,
they will repent.' And then said Abraham: `If they
hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they
be persuaded even if one were to rise from the
dead.'"
After Peter had
recited this ancient parable of the Nazarite
brotherhood, and since the crowd had quieted down,
Andrew arose and dismissed them for the night.
Although both the apostles and his disciples
frequently asked Jesus questions about the parable
of Dives and Lazarus, he never consented to make
comment thereon.
4. THE
FATHER AND HIS KINGDOM
Jesus always had
trouble trying to explain to the apostles that,
while they proclaimed the establishment of the
kingdom of God, the Father in heaven was not a
king. At the time Jesus lived on earth and
taught in the flesh, the people of Urantia knew
mostly of kings and emperors in the governments of
the nations, and the Jews had long contemplated the
coming of the kingdom of God. For these and other
reasons, the Master thought best to designate the
spiritual brotherhood of man as the kingdom of
heaven and the spirit head of this brotherhood as
the Father in heaven. Never did Jesus refer
to his Father as a king. In his intimate talks with
the apostles he always referred to himself as the
Son of Man and as their elder brother. He depicted
all his followers as servants of mankind and
messengers of the gospel of the kingdom.
Jesus never gave
his apostles a systematic lesson concerning the
personality and attributes of the Father in heaven.
He never asked men to believe in his Father; he took
it for granted they did. Jesus never belittled
himself by offering arguments in proof of the
reality of the Father. His teaching regarding the
Father all centered in the declaration that he and
the Father are one; that he who has seen the Son has
seen the Father; that the Father, like the Son,
knows all things; that only the Son really knows the
Father, and he to whom the Son will reveal him; that
he who knows the Son knows also the Father; and that
the Father sent him into the world to reveal their
combined natures and to show
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forth their
conjoint work. He never made other pronouncements
about his Father except to the woman of Samaria at
Jacob's well, when he declared, "God is spirit."
You learn about
God from Jesus by observing the divinity of his
life, not by depending on his teachings. From the
life of the Master you may each assimilate that
concept of God which represents the measure of your
capacity to perceive realities spiritual and divine,
truths real and eternal. The finite can never hope
to comprehend the Infinite except as the Infinite
was focalized in the time-space personality of the
finite experience of the human life of Jesus of
Nazareth.
Jesus well knew
that God can be known only by the realities of
experience; never can he be understood by the mere
teaching of the mind. Jesus taught his apostles
that, while they never could fully understand God,
they could most certainly know him, even as
they had known the Son of Man. You can know God, not
by understanding what Jesus said, but by knowing
what Jesus was. Jesus was a revelation of
God.
Except when
quoting the Hebrew scriptures, Jesus referred to
Deity by only two names: God and Father. And when
the Master made reference to his Father as God, he
usually employed the Hebrew word signifying the
plural God (the Trinity) and not the word Yahweh,
which stood for the progressive conception of the
tribal God of the Jews.
Jesus never called
the Father a king, and he very much regretted that
the Jewish hope for a restored kingdom and John's
proclamation of a coming kingdom made it necessary
for him to denominate his proposed spiritual
brotherhood the kingdom of heaven. With the one
exception--the declaration that "God is
spirit"--Jesus never referred to Deity in any manner
other than in terms descriptive of his own personal
relationship with the First Source and Center of
Paradise.
Jesus employed the
word God to designate the idea of Deity and
the word Father to designate the experience
of knowing God. When the word Father is employed to
denote God, it should be understood in its largest
possible meaning. The word God cannot be defined and
therefore stands for the infinite concept of the
Father, while the term Father, being capable of
partial definition, may be employed to represent the
human concept of the divine Father as he is
associated with man during the course of mortal
existence.
To the Jews,
Elohim was the God of gods, while Yahweh was the God
of Israel. Jesus accepted the concept of Elohim and
called this supreme group of beings God. In the
place of the concept of Yahweh, the racial deity, he
introduced the idea of the fatherhood of God and the
world-wide brotherhood of man. He exalted the Yahweh
concept of a deified racial Father to the idea of a
Father of all the children of men, a divine Father
of the individual believer. And he further taught
that this God of universes and this Father of all
men were one and the same Paradise Deity.
Jesus never
claimed to be the manifestation of Elohim (God) in
the flesh. He never declared that he was a
revelation of Elohim (God) to the worlds. He never
taught that he who had seen him had seen Elohim
(God). But he did proclaim himself as the revelation
of the Father in the flesh, and he did say that
whoso had seen him had seen the Father. As the
divine Son he claimed to represent only the Father.
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He was, indeed,
the Son of even the Elohim God; but in the likeness
of mortal flesh and to the mortal sons of God, he
chose to limit his life revelation to the portrayal
of his Father's character in so far as such a
revelation might be comprehensible to mortal man. As
regards the character of the other persons of the
Paradise Trinity, we shall have to be content with
the teaching that they are altogether like the
Father, who has been revealed in personal
portraiture in the life of his incarnated Son, Jesus
of Nazareth.
Although Jesus
revealed the true nature of the heavenly Father in
his earth life, he taught little about him. In fact,
he taught only two things: that God in himself is
spirit, and that, in all matters of relationship
with his creatures, he is a Father. On this evening
Jesus made the final pronouncement of his
relationship with God when he declared: "I have come
out from the Father, and I have come into the world;
again, I will leave the world and go to the Father."
But mark you!
never did Jesus say, "Whoso has heard me has heard
God." But he did say, "He who has seen me has
seen the Father." To hear Jesus' teaching is not
equivalent to knowing God, but to see Jesus
is an experience which in itself is a revelation of
the Father to the soul. The God of universes rules
the far-flung creation, but it is the Father in
heaven who sends forth his spirit to dwell within
your minds.
Jesus is the
spiritual lens in human likeness which makes visible
to the material creature Him who is invisible. He is
your elder brother who, in the flesh, makes known
to you a Being of infinite attributes whom not even
the celestial hosts can presume fully to understand.
But all of this must consist in the personal
experience of the individual believer. God
who is spirit can be known only as a spiritual
experience. God can be revealed to the finite sons
of the material worlds, by the divine Son of the
spiritual realms, only as a Father. You can
know the Eternal as a Father; you can worship him as
the God of universes, the infinite Creator of all
existences. |