PAPER 152
- EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE CAPERNAUM CRISIS
The story of
the cure of Amos, the Kheresa lunatic, had
already reached Bethsaida and Capernaum, so that
a great crowd was waiting for Jesus when his
boat landed that Tuesday forenoon. Among this
throng were the new observers from the Jerusalem
Sanhedrin who had come down to Capernaum to find
cause for the Master's apprehension and
conviction. As Jesus spoke with those who had
assembled to greet him, Jairus, one of the
rulers of the synagogue, made his way through
the crowd and, falling down at his feet, took
him by the hand and besought that he would
hasten away with him, saying: "Master, my little
daughter, an only child, lies in my home at the
point of death. I pray that you will come and
heal her." When Jesus heard the request of this
father, he said: "I will go with you."
As Jesus went
along with Jairus, the large crowd which had
heard the father's request followed on to see
what would happen. Shortly before they reached
the ruler's house, as they hastened through a
narrow street and as the throng jostled him,
Jesus suddenly stopped, exclaiming, "Someone
touched me." And when those who were near him
denied that they had touched him, Peter spoke
up: "Master, you can see that this crowd presses
you, threatening to crush us, and yet you say
`someone has touched me.' What do you mean?"
Then Jesus said: "I asked who touched me, for I
perceived that living energy had gone forth from
me." As Jesus looked about him, his eyes fell
upon a near-by woman, who, coming forward, knelt
at his feet and said: "For years I have been
afflicted with a scourging hemorrhage. I have
suffered many things from many physicians; I
have spent all my substance, but none could cure
me. Then I heard of you, and I thought if I may
but touch the hem of his garment, I shall
certainly be made whole. And so I pressed
forward with the crowd as it moved along until,
standing near you, Master, I touched the border
of your garment, and I was made whole; I know
that I have been healed of my affliction."
When Jesus
heard this, he took the woman by the hand and,
lifting her up, said: "Daughter, your faith has
made you whole; go in peace." It was her
faith and not her touch that made her
whole. And this case is a good illustration of
many apparently miraculous cures which attended
upon Jesus' earth career, but which he in no
sense consciously willed. The passing of time
demonstrated that this woman was really cured of
her malady. Her faith was of the sort that laid
direct hold upon the creative power resident in
the Master's person. With the faith she had, it
was only necessary to approach the Master's
person. It was not at all necessary to touch his
garment; that was merely the superstitious part
of her belief. Jesus called this woman, Veronica
of Caesarea-Philippi, into
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his
presence to correct two errors which might have
lingered in her mind, or which might have
persisted in the minds of those who witnessed
this healing: He did not want Veronica to go
away thinking that her fear in attempting to
steal her cure had been honored, or that her
superstition in associating the touch of his
garment with her healing had been effective. He
desired all to know that it was her pure and
living faith that had wrought the cure.
1. AT
JAIRUS'S HOUSE
Jairus was, of
course, terribly impatient of this delay in
reaching his home; so they now hastened on at
quickened pace. Even before they entered the
ruler's yard, one of his servants came out,
saying: "Trouble not the Master; your daughter
is dead." But Jesus seemed not to heed the
servant's words, for, taking with him Peter,
James, and John, he turned and said to the
grief-stricken father: "Fear not; only believe."
When he entered the house, he found the
flute-players already there with the mourners,
who were making an unseemly tumult; already were
the relatives engaged in weeping and wailing.
And when he had put all the mourners out of the
room, he went in with the father and mother and
his three apostles. He had told the mourners
that the damsel was not dead, but they laughed
him to scorn. Jesus now turned to the mother,
saying: "Your daughter is not dead; she is only
asleep." And when the house had quieted down,
Jesus, going up to where the child lay, took her
by the hand and said, "Daughter, I say to you,
awake and arise!" And when the girl heard these
words, she immediately rose up and walked across
the room. And presently, after she had recovered
from her daze, Jesus directed that they should
give her something to eat, for she had been a
long time without food.
Since there
was much agitation in Capernaum against Jesus,
he called the family together and explained that
the maiden had been in a state of coma following
a long fever, and that he had merely aroused
her, that he had not raised her from the dead.
He likewise explained all this to his apostles,
but it was futile; they all believed he had
raised the little girl from the dead. What Jesus
said in explanation of many of these apparent
miracles had little effect on his followers.
They were miracle-minded and lost no opportunity
to ascribe another wonder to Jesus. Jesus and
the apostles returned to Bethsaida after he had
specifically charged all of them that they
should tell no man.
When he came
out of Jairus's house, two blind men led by a
dumb boy followed him and cried out for healing.
About this time Jesus' reputation as a healer
was at its very height. Everywhere he went the
sick and the afflicted were waiting for him. The
Master now looked much worn, and all of his
friends were becoming concerned lest he continue
his work of teaching and healing to the point of
actual collapse.
Jesus'
apostles, let alone the common people, could not
understand the nature and attributes of this
God-man. Neither has any subsequent generation
been able to evaluate what took place on earth
in the person of Jesus of Nazareth. And there
can never occur an opportunity for either
science or religion to check up on these
remarkable events for the simple reason that
such an extraordinary situation can never again
occur, either on this world or on any other
world in Nebadon. Never again, on any world in
this entire universe, will a being appear in the
likeness of mortal flesh, at the same time
embodying all
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the
attributes of creative energy combined with
spiritual endowments which transcend time and
most other material limitations.
Never before
Jesus was on earth, nor since, has it been
possible so directly and graphically to secure
the results attendant upon the strong and living
faith of mortal men and women. To repeat these
phenomena, we would have to go into the
immediate presence of Michael, the Creator, and
find him as he was in those days--the Son of
Man. Likewise, today, while his absence prevents
such material manifestations, you should refrain
from placing any sort of limitation on the
possible exhibition of his spiritual power.
Though the Master is absent as a material being,
he is present as a spiritual influence in the
hearts of men. By going away from the world,
Jesus made it possible for his spirit to live
alongside that of his Father which indwells the
minds of all mankind.
2.
FEEDING THE FIVE THOUSAND
Jesus
continued to teach the people by day while he
instructed the apostles and evangelists at
night. On Friday he declared a furlough of one
week that all his followers might go home or to
their friends for a few days before preparing to
go up to Jerusalem for the Passover. But more
than one half of his disciples refused to leave
him, and the multitude was daily increasing in
size, so much so that David Zebedee desired to
establish a new encampment, but Jesus refused
consent. The Master had so little rest over the
Sabbath that on Sunday morning, March 27, he
sought to get away from the people. Some of the
evangelists were left to talk to the multitude
while Jesus and the twelve planned to escape,
unnoticed, to the opposite shore of the lake,
where they proposed to obtain much needed rest
in a beautiful park south of Bethsaida-Julias.
This region was a favorite resorting place for
Capernaum folks; they were all familiar with
these parks on the eastern shore.
But the people
would not have it so. They saw the direction
taken by Jesus' boat, and hiring every craft
available, they started out in pursuit. Those
who could not obtain boats fared forth on foot
to walk around the upper end of the lake.
By late
afternoon more than a thousand persons had
located the Master in one of the parks, and he
spoke to them briefly, being followed by Peter.
Many of these people had brought food with them,
and after eating the evening meal, they gathered
about in small groups while Jesus' apostles and
disciples taught them.
Monday
afternoon the multitude had increased to more
than three thousand. And still--way into the
evening--the people continued to flock in,
bringing all manner of sick folks with them.
Hundreds of interested persons had made their
plans to stop over at Capernaum to see and hear
Jesus on their way to the Passover, and they
simply refused to be disappointed. By Wednesday
noon about five thousand men, women, and
children were assembled here in this park to the
south of Bethsaida-Julias. The weather was
pleasant, it being near the end of the rainy
season in this locality.
Philip had
provided a three days' supply of food for Jesus
and the twelve, which was in the custody of the
Mark lad, their boy of all chores. By afternoon
of this, the third day for almost half of this
multitude, the food the people had brought with
them was nearly exhausted. David Zebedee had no
tented
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city
here to feed and accommodate the crowds. Neither
had Philip made food provision for such a
multitude. But the people, even though they were
hungry, would not go away. It was being quietly
whispered about that Jesus, desiring to avoid
trouble with both Herod and the Jerusalem
leaders, had chosen this quiet spot outside the
jurisdiction of all his enemies as the proper
place to be crowned king. The enthusiasm of the
people was rising every hour. Not a word was
said to Jesus, though, of course, he knew all
that was going on. Even the twelve apostles were
still tainted with such notions, and especially
the younger evangelists. The apostles who
favored this attempt to proclaim Jesus king were
Peter, John, Simon Zelotes, and Judas Iscariot.
Those opposing the plan were Andrew, James,
Nathaniel, and Thomas. Matthew, Philip, and the
Alpheus twins were noncommittal. The ringleader
of this plot to make him king was Joab, one of
the young evangelists.
This was the
stage setting about five o'clock on Wednesday
afternoon, when Jesus asked James Alpheus to
summon Andrew and Philip. Said Jesus: "What
shall we do with the multitude? They have been
with us now three days, and many of them are
hungry. They have no food." Philip and Andrew
exchanged glances, and then Philip answered:
"Master, you should send these people away so
that they may go to the villages around about
and buy themselves food." And Andrew, fearing
the materialization of the king plot, quickly
joined with Philip, saying: "Yes, Master, I
think it best that you dismiss the multitude so
that they may go their way and buy food while
you secure rest for a season." By this time
others of the twelve had joined the conference.
Then said Jesus: "But I do not desire to send
them away hungry; can you not feed them?" This
was too much for Philip, and he spoke right up:
"Master, in this country place where can we buy
bread for this multitude? Two hundred denarii
worth would not be enough for lunch."
Before the
apostles had an opportunity to express
themselves, Jesus turned to Andrew and Philip,
saying: "I do not want to send these people
away. Here they are, like sheep without a
shepherd. I would like to feed them. What food
have we with us?" While Philip was conversing
with Matthew and Judas, Andrew sought out the
Mark lad to ascertain how much was left of their
store of provisions. He returned to Jesus,
saying: "The lad has left only five barley
loaves and two dried fishes"--and Peter promptly
added, "We have yet to eat this evening."
For a moment
Jesus stood in silence. There was a faraway look
in his eyes. The apostles said nothing. Jesus
turned suddenly to Andrew and said, "Bring me
the loaves and fishes." And when Andrew had
brought the basket to Jesus, the Master said:
"Direct the people to sit down on the grass in
companies of one hundred and appoint a leader
over each group while you bring all of the
evangelists here with us."
Jesus took up
the loaves in his hands, and after he had given
thanks, he broke the bread and gave to his
apostles, who passed it on to their associates,
who in turn carried it to the multitude. Jesus
in like manner broke and distributed the fishes.
And this multitude did eat and were filled. And
when they had finished eating, Jesus said to the
disciples: "Gather up the broken pieces that
remain over so that nothing will be lost." And
when they had finished gathering up the
fragments, they had twelve basketfuls. They who
ate of this extraordinary feast numbered about
five thousand men, women, and children.
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And
this is the first and only nature miracle which
Jesus performed as a result of his conscious
preplanning. It is true that his disciples were
disposed to call many things miracles which were
not, but this was a genuine supernatural
ministration. In this case, so we were taught,
Michael multiplied food elements as he always
does except for the elimination of the time
factor and the visible life channel.
3.
THE KING-MAKING EPISODE
The feeding of
the five thousand by supernatural energy was
another of those cases where human pity plus
creative power equaled that which happened. Now
that the multitude had been fed to the full, and
since Jesus' fame was then and there augmented
by this stupendous wonder, the project to seize
the Master and proclaim him king required no
further personal direction. The idea seemed to
spread through the crowd like a contagion. The
reaction of the multitude to this sudden and
spectacular supplying of their physical needs
was profound and overwhelming. For a long time
the Jews had been taught that the Messiah, the
son of David, when he should come, would cause
the land again to flow with milk and honey, and
that the bread of life would be bestowed upon
them as manna from heaven was supposed to have
fallen upon their forefathers in the wilderness.
And was not all of this expectation now
fulfilled right before their eyes? When this
hungry, undernourished multitude had finished
gorging itself with the wonder-food, there was
but one unanimous reaction: "Here is our king."
The wonder-working deliverer of Israel had come.
In the eyes of these simple-minded people the
power to feed carried with it the right to rule.
No wonder, then, that the multitude, when it had
finished feasting, rose as one man and shouted,
"Make him king!"
This mighty
shout enthused Peter and those of the apostles
who still retained the hope of seeing Jesus
assert his right to rule. But these false hopes
were not to live for long. This mighty shout of
the multitude had hardly ceased to reverberate
from the near-by rocks when Jesus stepped upon a
huge stone and, lifting up his right hand to
command their attention, said: "My children, you
mean well, but you are short-sighted and
material-minded." There was a brief pause; this
stalwart Galilean was there majestically posed
in the enchanting glow of that eastern twilight.
Every inch he looked a king as he continued to
speak to this breathless multitude: "You would
make me king, not because your souls have been
lighted with a great truth, but because your
stomachs have been filled with bread. How many
times have I told you that my kingdom is not of
this world? This kingdom of heaven which we
proclaim is a spiritual brotherhood, and no man
rules over it seated upon a material throne. My
Father in heaven is the all-wise and the
all-powerful Ruler over this spiritual
brotherhood of the sons of God on earth. Have I
so failed in revealing to you the Father of
spirits that you would make a king of his Son in
the flesh! Now all of you go hence to your own
homes. If you must have a king, let the Father
of lights be enthroned in the heart of each of
you as the spirit Ruler of all things."
These words of
Jesus sent the multitude away stunned and
disheartened. Many who had believed in him
turned back and followed him no more from that
day. The apostles were speechless; they stood in
silence gathered about the twelve baskets of the
fragments of food; only the chore boy, the Mark
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lad,
spoke, "And he refused to be our king." Jesus,
before going off to be alone in the hills,
turned to Andrew and said: "Take your brethren
back to Zebedee's house and pray with them,
especially for your brother, Simon Peter."
4.
SIMON PETER'S NIGHT VISION
The apostles,
without their Master--sent off by
themselves--entered the boat and in silence
began to row toward Bethsaida on the western
shore of the lake. None of the twelve was so
crushed and downcast as Simon Peter. Hardly a
word was spoken; they were all thinking of the
Master alone in the hills. Had he forsaken them?
He had never before sent them all away and
refused to go with them. What could all this
mean?
Darkness
descended upon them, for there had arisen a
strong and contrary wind which made progress
almost impossible. As the hours of darkness and
hard rowing passed, Peter grew weary and fell
into a deep sleep of exhaustion. Andrew and
James put him to rest on the cushioned seat in
the stern of the boat. While the other apostles
toiled against the wind and the waves, Peter
dreamed a dream; he saw a vision of Jesus coming
to them walking on the sea. When the Master
seemed to walk on by the boat, Peter cried out,
"Save us, Master, save us." And those who were
in the rear of the boat heard him say some of
these words. As this apparition of the night
season continued in Peter's mind, he dreamed
that he heard Jesus say: "Be of good cheer; it
is I; be not afraid." This was like the balm of
Gilead to Peter's disturbed soul; it soothed his
troubled spirit, so that (in his dream) he cried
out to the Master: "Lord, if it really is you,
bid me come and walk with you on the water." And
when Peter started to walk upon the water, the
boisterous waves frightened him, and as he was
about to sink, he cried out, "Lord, save me!"
And many of the twelve heard him utter this cry.
Then Peter dreamed that Jesus came to the rescue
and, stretching forth his hand, took hold and
lifted him up, saying: "O, you of little faith,
wherefore did you doubt?"
In connection
with the latter part of his dream Peter arose
from the seat whereon he slept and actually
stepped overboard and into the water. And he
awakened from his dream as Andrew, James, and
John reached down and pulled him out of the sea.
To Peter this
experience was always real. He sincerely
believed that Jesus came to them that night. He
only partially convinced John Mark, which
explains why Mark left a portion of the story
out of his narrative. Luke, the physician, who
made careful search into these matters,
concluded that the episode was a vision of
Peter's and therefore refused to give place to
this story in the preparation of his narrative.
5.
BACK IN BETHSAIDA
Thursday
morning, before daylight, they anchored their
boat offshore near Zebedee's house and sought
sleep until about noontime. Andrew was first up
and, going for a walk by the sea, found Jesus,
in company with their chore boy, sitting on a
stone by the water's edge. Notwithstanding that
many of the multitude and the young evangelists
searched all night and much of the next day
about the eastern hills for Jesus, shortly after
midnight he and the Mark lad had started to walk
around the lake and across the river, back to
Bethsaida.
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Of the
five thousand who were miraculously fed, and
who, when their stomachs were full and their
hearts empty, would have made him king, only
about five hundred persisted in following after
him. But before these received word that he was
back in Bethsaida, Jesus asked Andrew to
assemble the twelve apostles and their
associates, including the women, saying, "I
desire to speak with them." And when all were
ready, Jesus said:
"How long
shall I bear with you? Are you all slow of
spiritual comprehension and deficient in living
faith? All these months have I taught you the
truths of the kingdom, and yet are you dominated
by material motives instead of spiritual
considerations. Have you not even read in the
Scriptures where Moses exhorted the unbelieving
children of Israel, saying: `Fear not, stand
still and see the salvation of the Lord'? Said
the singer: `Put your trust in the Lord.' `Be
patient, wait upon the Lord and be of good
courage. He shall strengthen your heart.' `Cast
your burden on the Lord, and he shall sustain
you. Trust him at all times and pour out your
heart to him, for God is your refuge.' `He who
dwells in the secret place of the Most High
shall abide under the shadow of the Almighty.'
`It is better to trust the Lord than to put
confidence in human princes.'
"And now do
you all see that the working of miracles and the
performance of material wonders will not win
souls for the spiritual kingdom? We fed the
multitude, but it did not lead them to hunger
for the bread of life neither to thirst for the
waters of spiritual righteousness. When their
hunger was satisfied, they sought not entrance
into the kingdom of heaven but rather sought to
proclaim the Son of Man king after the manner of
the kings of this world, only that they might
continue to eat bread without having to toil
therefor. And all this, in which many of you did
more or less participate, does nothing to reveal
the heavenly Father or to advance his kingdom on
earth. Have we not sufficient enemies among the
religious leaders of the land without doing that
which is likely to estrange also the civil
rulers? I pray that the Father will anoint your
eyes that you may see and open your ears that
you may hear, to the end that you may have full
faith in the gospel which I have taught you."
Jesus then
announced that he wished to withdraw for a few
days of rest with his apostles before they made
ready to go up to Jerusalem for the Passover,
and he forbade any of the disciples or the
multitude to follow him. Accordingly they went
by boat to the region of Gennesaret for two or
three days of rest and sleep. Jesus was
preparing for a great crisis of his life on
earth, and he therefore spent much time in
communion with the Father in heaven.
The news of
the feeding of the five thousand and the attempt
to make Jesus king aroused widespread curiosity
and stirred up the fears of both the religious
leaders and the civil rulers throughout all
Galilee and Judea. While this great miracle did
nothing to further the gospel of the kingdom in
the souls of material-minded and halfhearted
believers, it did serve the purpose of bringing
to a head the miracle-seeking and king-craving
proclivities of Jesus' immediate family of
apostles and close disciples. This spectacular
episode brought an end to the early era of
teaching, training, and healing, thereby
preparing the way for the inauguration of this
last year of proclaiming the higher and more
spiritual phases of the new gospel of the
kingdom--divine sonship, spiritual liberty, and
eternal salvation.
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6. AT
GENNESARET
While resting
at the home of a wealthy believer in the
Gennesaret region, Jesus held informal
conferences with the twelve every afternoon. The
ambassadors of the kingdom were a serious,
sober, and chastened group of disillusioned men.
But even after all that had happened, and as
subsequent events disclosed, these twelve men
were not yet fully delivered from their inbred
and long-cherished notions about the coming of
the Jewish Messiah. Events of the preceding few
weeks had moved too swiftly for these astonished
fishermen to grasp their full significance. It
requires time for men and women to effect
radical and extensive changes in their basic and
fundamental concepts of social conduct,
philosophic attitudes, and religious
convictions.
While Jesus
and the twelve were resting at Gennesaret, the
multitudes dispersed, some going to their homes,
others going on up to Jerusalem for the
Passover. In less than one month's time the
enthusiastic and open followers of Jesus, who
numbered more than fifty thousand in Galilee
alone, shrank to less than five hundred. Jesus
desired to give his apostles such an experience
with the fickleness of popular acclaim that they
would not be tempted to rely on such
manifestations of transient religious hysteria
after he should leave them alone in the work of
the kingdom, but he was only partially
successful in this effort.
The second
night of their sojourn at Gennesaret the Master
again told the apostles the parable of the sower
and added these words: "You see, my children,
the appeal to human feelings is transitory and
utterly disappointing; the exclusive appeal to
the intellect of man is likewise empty and
barren; it is only by making your appeal to the
spirit which lives within the human mind that
you can hope to achieve lasting success and
accomplish those marvelous transformations of
human character that are presently shown in the
abundant yielding of the genuine fruits of the
spirit in the daily lives of all who are thus
delivered from the darkness of doubt by the
birth of the spirit into the light of faith--the
kingdom of heaven."
Jesus taught
the appeal to the emotions as the technique of
arresting and focusing the intellectual
attention. He designated the mind thus aroused
and quickened as the gateway to the soul, where
there resides that spiritual nature of man which
must recognize truth and respond to the
spiritual appeal of the gospel in order to
afford the permanent results of true character
transformations.
Jesus thus
endeavored to prepare the apostles for the
impending shock--the crisis in the public
attitude toward him which was only a few days
distant. He explained to the twelve that the
religious rulers of Jerusalem would conspire
with Herod Antipas to effect their destruction.
The twelve began to realize more fully (though
not finally) that Jesus was not going to sit on
David's throne. They saw more fully that
spiritual truth was not to be advanced by
material wonders. They began to realize that the
feeding of the five thousand and the popular
movement to make Jesus king was the apex of the
miracle-seeking, wonder-working expectance of
the people and the height of Jesus' acclaim by
the populace. They vaguely discerned and dimly
foresaw the approaching times of spiritual
sifting and cruel adversity. These twelve men
were
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slowly
awaking to the realization of the real nature of
their task as ambassadors of the kingdom, and
they began to gird themselves for the trying and
testing ordeals of the last year of the Master's
ministry on earth.
Before they
left Gennesaret, Jesus instructed them regarding
the miraculous feeding of the five thousand,
telling them just why he engaged in this
extraordinary manifestation of creative power
and also assuring them that he did not thus
yield to his sympathy for the multitude until he
had ascertained that it was "according to the
Father's will."
7. AT
JERUSALEM
Sunday, April
3, Jesus, accompanied only by the twelve
apostles, started from Bethsaida on the journey
to Jerusalem. To avoid the multitudes and to
attract as little attention as possible, they
journeyed by way of Gerasa and Philadelphia. He
forbade them to do any public teaching on this
trip; neither did he permit them to teach or
preach while sojourning in Jerusalem. They
arrived at Bethany, near Jerusalem, late on
Wednesday evening, April 6. For this one night
they stopped at the home of Lazarus, Martha, and
Mary, but the next day they separated. Jesus,
with John, stayed at the home of a believer
named Simon, near the house of Lazarus in
Bethany. Judas Iscariot and Simon Zelotes
stopped with friends in Jerusalem, while the
rest of the apostles sojourned, two and two, in
different homes.
Jesus entered
Jerusalem only once during this Passover, and
that was on the great day of the feast. Many of
the Jerusalem believers were brought out by
Abner to meet Jesus at Bethany. During this
sojourn at Jerusalem the twelve learned how
bitter the feeling was becoming toward their
Master. They departed from Jerusalem all
believing that a crisis was impending.
On Sunday,
April 24, Jesus and the apostles left Jerusalem
for Bethsaida, going by way of the coast cities
of Joppa, Caesarea, and Ptolemais. Thence,
overland they went by Ramah and Chorazin to
Bethsaida, arriving on Friday, April 29.
Immediately on reaching home, Jesus dispatched
Andrew to ask of the ruler of the synagogue
permission to speak the next day, that being the
Sabbath, at the afternoon service. And Jesus
well knew that that would be the last time he
would ever be permitted to speak in the
Capernaum synagogue. |